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Myocell, A Cell-based, Autologous Skeletal Myoblast Therapy for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Husnain Kh Haider, Ye Lei[2], and Muhammad Ashraf[1], [1]University of Cincinnati, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA, Email: haiderkh@ucmail.uc.edu, [2]National University of Singapore, NUMI, Blk MD11, 10 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore.

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Catheter-Based Intramyocardial Injection of Autologous Skeletal Myoblasts (Bioheart's MyoCell™) as a Primary Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure. Clinical Experience with Six-Month Follow-up.

Pieter C. Smits, M.D. Ph.D., Roberr-Jan M. Van Geuns, M.D., Ph.D., Don Poldermans, M.D., Ph.D., Manolis Bountioukos, M.D., Emile E.M. Onderwater, Chi Hang Lee, M.D., Alex P.W.M. Maat, M.D., Patrick Serruys, M.D., Ph.D. Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Vol. 42, No. 12, December 2003. View this Article

MYOHEART US Phase I Study - Interim Analysis - January 2007

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Cellular Therapy For Chronic Myocardial Disease: Nonsurgical Approaches.

Warren Sherman

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Myocardial Repair By Percutaneous Cell Transplantation Of Autologous Skeletal Myoblasts As A Stand Alone Procedure In Post Myocardial Infarction Chronic Heart Failure Patients.

Patrick W. Serruys, MD, PhD on behalf of the BIOHEART European 005/006 and 008 study investigators. (3rd Annual Conference on Cell Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, New York, January, 2007)

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BIOHEART MYOHEART DOSE ESCALATION U.S. CLINICAL STUDY INTERIM RESULTS
Intramyocardial Myoblast Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure: Results of a Phase I Study.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty: Myocardial Regeneration With Satellite Cell Implantation. Chiu RCJ, Zibaitis A and RL Kao, Ann Thorac Surg 1995;60:12-8
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Clinical Trials Offer Hope to Patients Willing to Take the Risks.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty: Improvement of Left Ventricular Function Correlates with the Release of Cardioactive Cytokines. Henning Ebelt, Mirco Jungblut, Ying Zhang, Thomas Kubin, Sawa Kostin, Antje Technau, Svetlana Oustanina, Sylvia Niebrügge, Jürgen Lehmann, Karl Werdan and Thomas Braun .
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Skeletal Myoblast for Cardiac Repair. A presentation from the Third International Conference On Cell Therapy For Cardiovascular Disease held in New York, 16th-19th January 2007.
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C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells Adopt Cardiac-Like Sodium Current Properties in a Cardiac Cell Environment.
Intra-cardiac transplantation of undifferentiated skeletal muscle cells (myoblasts) has emerged as a promising therapy for myocardial infarct repair and is already undergoing clinical trials.
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Electrophysiological Consequence of Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation in Normal and Infarcted Canine Myocardium. Kristen Fouts, BS, Brian Fernandes, PhD, Niladri Mal, MD, Jinqiu Liu, MD, Kenneth R. Laurita, PhD.
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Editorial Commentary on this Article: Infarction size is a far greater contributor to arrhythmia risk than any other factor. Myoblast injections have been shown to reduce scar size by up to 70%. The very slight increase of arrhythmia risk of utilizing myoblasts in healthy tissue is more than totally off set by their ability to reduce scar size, by a long margin. Pluripotent stem cells are slightly less pro-arrhythomogenic when injected in healthy tissue but are far less likely to reduce infarction scar size. The best study with pluripotent stem cells only showed a 30% reduction, mostly due to recovery of hibernating tissue not actual scar tissue reduction. Pluripotent stem cells injected into scar tissue primarily become fibroblasts which does not serve to reduce infarction size. Conclusion: Myoblasts when able to form new contractile muscle in scar tissue and thus reduce MI scar size serve to greatly REDUCE the risk of arrhythmia's. MI size reduction provided by myoblast injections has far greater impact on reducing arrhythmia risk than does slight increased risk caused by injecting myoblasts into healthy tissue.

Note - Paper fails to address in short time period myoblasts injected into healthy tissue migrate to scar tissue or disappear from healthy tissue due to venous vacuum loss.

Repeated Implantation is a More Effective Cell Delivery Method in Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation for Rat Myocardial Infarction. Several clinical trials are underway to determine whether autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation is an effective and safe therapeutic strategy for severe heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI). It remains unclear whether repeated skeletal myoblast implantation is a feasible and effective cell delivery method for the infarcted myocardium.
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Autologous Stem Cells and Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization for Ischemic Heart
Esha Ibrahim, Quan Zhu, D. Glenn Pennington, Charles E. Ganote and Race L. Kao
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Intramyocardial Injection Of Skeletal Myoblasts: Long-Term Follow-up with Pressure-Volume Loops. Steendijk P, Smits PC, Valgimigli M, van der Giessen WJ, Onderwater EE, Serruys PW. View an Abstract of this Article | View the Full Article

From Cardiac Repair To Cardiac Regeneration--Ready To Translate? HC Ott and DA Taylor.
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Myoblast Transplantation for Heart Repair – A Review of the State of the Field.
Howard J. Leonhardt, Chairman & CEO Bioheart, Inc.
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Electrophysiological Consequence Of Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation In Normal And Infarcted Canine Myocardium. The purpose of this study is to test a hypothesis that injection of skeletal myoblasts (SkMbs) into viable tissue may alter impulse conduction but that injections into nonviable tissue (scar) will have negligible impact.
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Autologous Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation Improved Hemodynamics and Left Ventricular Function in Chronic Heart Failure Dogs. Kun-Lun He MD, PhDa, Geng-Hua Yi PhDb, Warren Sherman MDc, Hua Zhou PhDa, Ge-Ping Zhang MDb, Anguo Gu MDb, Race Kao PhDd, Howard B. Haimes PhDe, John Harvey PhDe, Eric Roos PhDe, Desmond White PhDe, Doris A. Taylor MD, PhDf, Jie Wang MD, PhDb and Daniel Burkhoff MD, PhDb. View this Article 

Ventricular Arrhythmia After Autologous Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation In Patients With Postinfarction Heart Failure Could Be Controlled By Amiodarone; Observations From Two Clinical Trials. Siminiak T., Kalawski R., Jerzykowska O.Fiszer D., Ka³mucki P., Rozwadowska N., Kurpisz M. View this Article 

Autologous Intramyocardial Injection of Cultured Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem Cells in Patients with Non-Acute Myocardial Infarction. Jesús Herrerosa, Felipe Prósper, , b, Ana Perezb, Juan J. Gaviraa, María José, Garcia-Vellosoc, Joaquín Barbaa, Pedro L. Sáncheze, Consuelo Cañizod, Gregorio, Rábagoa, Josep M. Martí-Climentc, Milagros Hernándezb, Natalia López-Holgadod, José María González-Santose, Cándido Martín-Luengoe and Eduardo Alegriaa.
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Bioheart Presentation: Myoblast versus Stem Cell - Transplantation for Myocardial Repair

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Cellular Therapy with AutologousSkeletal Myoblasts for IschemicHeart Disease and Heart Failure.
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Safety and Feasibility of Percutaneous Autologous Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Interim Analysis.
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Transplanted Skeletal Myoblasts Can Fully Replace the Infarcted Myocardium When They Survive in the Host in Large Numbers.
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Potential of Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation for Ischemic Heart Disease.
Safety and feasibility of autologous myoblast transplantation in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: four-year follow-up.
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History of Cell Transplantation for Myocardial Regeneration: A First in Cell Transplantation: Researchers Organize, Meet
Science; Jun 12, 1992; 256, 5063; Research Library Core, pg. 1522.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty: Improvement Of Left Ventricular Function Correlates With The Release Of Cardioactive Cytokine.
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Myoblasts Proliferate in Scar Tissue.
A pilot study conducted on the use of stem cells to repair the damaged heart muscle of four male patients with end-stage heart failure is proving successful.
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Safety And Feasibility Of Percutaneous Autologous Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation In The Coil-Infarcted Swine Myocardiumn.
Myoblast transplantation is a promising new treatment for patients with congestive heart failure and/or MI. Successful autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation (ASMT) to the myocardium has been demonstrated in a variety of animal models.
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UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA - Non-invasive Analysis Of Myoblast Transplants In Rodent Cardiac Muscle.
KS Cahill, S Germain, BJ Byrne, and GA Walter; Int J Cardiovasc Imaging, December 1, 2004; 20(6): 593-8. Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA
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Myoblast Transplantation for MI and CHF Treatment - Cell and Gene-Based Therapies Show Promise in Treating Cardiovascular Disease.
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Multiple-Dose Implantation is a Better Cell Delivery Method than Single-bolus Implantation in Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation to Infarcted Hearts. Goditha U Premaratne, Keiichi Tambara, Xue Lin, Naoki Kaneemitsu, Hiroyuki Nakajima, Yan Teishi, Tadashi Ikeda, Masatoshi Fujita, Masashi Komeda; Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto, Japan
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Successful Myoblast Transplantation In Fibrotic Muscles: No Increased Impairment By The Connective Tissue1.
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Functional Assessment Of Myoblast Transplantation For Cardiac Repair With Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
van den Bos EJ, Thompson RB, Wagner A, Mahrholdt H, Morimoto Y, Thomson LE, Wang LH, Duncker DJ, Judd RM, Taylor DA. Departments of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Factors Related to the Efficacy of Skeletal Muscle Cell Transplantation and Future Approaches with Control-Released Cell Growth Factors and Minimally Invasive Surgery. View this Abstract [Requires Adobe Acrobat Browser Plugin]

Direct Isolation of Satellite Cells for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration.
Didier Montarras, Jennifer Morgan, Charlotte Collins, Fre´de´ric Relaix, Ste´phane Zaffran, Ana Cumano Terence Partridge, Margaret Buckingham. View this Abstract [Requires Adobe Acrobat Browser Plugin]

Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Unique Capacity for Repair by Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells. Horackova M, Arora R, Chen R, Armour JA, Cattini PA, Livingston R, Byczko Z. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Effectiveness of Transient Immunosuppression Using Cyclosporine for Xenomyoblast Transplantation for Cardiac Repair. H.Kh. Haider, S.J. Jiang, L. Ye, S. Aziz, P.K. Law, and E.K.W. Sim.

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POZNAN: Percutaneous Myoblast Transplants Tested in Phase I Trial. Procedure extracts leg muscle cells to grow patches that are grafted onto scarred myocardium. View this Article

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Transplantation of Myoblasts Into the Heart. Thompson RB, Parsa CJ, Van Den Bos EJ, Davis BH, Toloza EM, Klem I, Glower DD, Taylor DA. View this Article

Encouraging Signs Follow Muscle Cell Transplantation Into Damaged Hearts
Pilot study paves way for larger trials of treatment to repair scarring after heart attacks. View this Report

Improved Regional Left Ventricular Function After Successful Satellite Cell Grafting In Rabbits with Myocardial Infarction. Blatt A, Robinson D, Cotter G, Efrati S, Simantov Y, Bar I, Kaluski E, Krakover R, Sidenko S, Evron Z, Lipa L, Posternak N, Nevo Z, Vered Z., Cardiology Department, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, 70300, Zerifin, Israel. View this Article

Myoblasts Survive 16 Weeks After Intracardiac Transfer and Start Differentiation. Gulbins H, Pritisanac A, Anderson I, Uhlig A, Goldemund A, Daebritz S, Meiser B, Reichart B., View this Article

BAM articles on Cellular Cardiomyoplasty [Links below will open BAM On-Line site pages in a new browser window]
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Skeletal Muscle Cell Grafts Fix Heart Damage - Transplants Aid In Full Recovery After Heart Attack.
By Donalee Moulton, The Medical Post, April 13, 2004 Volume 40 Issue 15
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Seeding a Heart with Healing Cells - Doctors Hope Therapy Grows Muscle in Place of Dead Tissue
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Myocardial Replacement Therapy
Tomasz Siminiak, MD, PhD, FESC; Maciej Kurpisz, MD, PhD.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty: Clinical Application
Juan C. Chachques, MD, PhD, Christophe Acar, MD, Jesus Herreros, MD, Jorge C. Trainini, MD, Felipe Prosper, MD, Nicola D’Attellis, MD, Jean-Noel Fabiani, MD, and Alain F. Carpentier, MD, PhD
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Myoblast Transplantation for Cardiac Repair: A Clinical Perspective
Husnain Kh. Haider, Alvin C.K. Tan, Salim Aziz, Juan C. Chachques, and Eugene K.W. Sim
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Percutaneous Autologous Myoblast Transplantation in the Treatment of Post-infarction Myocardial Contractility Impairment - Report On Two Cases. Siminiak T, Fiszer D, Jerzykowska O, Grygielska B, Kalmucki P, Kurpisz M., University School of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, District Hospital, Poznan, Poland.
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UF To Research Stem Cell Treatments For Heart Disease.
University of Florida researchers will play a key role in a new national network designed to study stem cell treatments in patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2003; 1:101
Jennifer CJ Chen, David J. Goldhammer.
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Percutaneous Transvenous Transplantation Of Autologous Myoblasts In The Treatment Of Postinfarction Myocardial Contractility Impairment - Procedural Feasibility And Safety. Tomasz Siminiak, Dorota Fiszer, Olga Jerzykowska, Beata Grygielska, Piotr Kalmucki, Maciej Kurpisz.
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Cellular cardiomyoplasty - A preliminary Clinical Report. Fumin Zhanga, Xiang Gaob, Zhi-Jian Yianga, Wenzhu Maa, Chuanfu Lic and Race L. Kaoc.
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Cardiac Transplantation of Skeletal Myoblasts for Heart Failure. Van Den Bos EJ, Taylor DA, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation During Bypass Grafting In The Treatment Of Heart Failure-Phase I Clinical Trial Feasibility Study And Early Results. Siminiak T, Kalawski R, Fiszer D, Jerzykowska O, Rzezniczak J, Kurpisz M. University School of Medical Sciences, J. Strus Hospital and Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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Novel Treatment For Heart Failure Being Tested. Nancy McVicar - South Florida Sun-Sentinel.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty With Autologous Skeletal Myoblasts For Ischemic Heart Disease And Heart Failure. Doris A. Taylor.
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Skeletal Myoblasts Divide Further And Start Differentiation After Transplantation Into Rat Myocardium. Gulbins H, Pritisanac A, Uhlig A, Goldemund A, Haas U, Meiser B, Reichart B.
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Endoventricular Porcine Autologous Myoblast Transplantation Can Be Successfully Achieved With Minor Mechanical Cell Damage. Bénédicte Chazaud, Luc Hittinger, Corinne Sonnet, Stéphane Champagne, Philippe Le Corvoisierc, Nicole Benhaiem-Sigauxe, Thierry Unterseeh, Jinbo Su, Pascal Merlet, Alain Rahmouni, Jérôme Garot, Romain Gherardi, and Emmanuel Teiger.
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Cellular Therapy Reverses Myocardial Dysfunction. Rajnoch C, Chachques JC, Berrebi A, Bruneval P, Benoit MO,
Carpentier A.
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Treatment Of Heart Failure With Autologous Skeletal Myoblasts. Chachques JC, Cattadori B, Herreros, J, Prosper F, Trainini JC, Blanchard D, Fabiani JN, Carpentier A.
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Incorporation And Integration Of Implanted Myogenic And Stem Cells Into Native Myocardial Fibers: Anatomic Basis For Functional Improvements. Edgar G. Chedrawy, Jih-Shiuan Wang, Dao M. Nguyen, Dominique Shum-Tim, Ray C. J. Chiu.
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Impact of Autologous Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation on Hemodynamics and Left Ventricular Function in Repeated Coronary Microembolization-Induced Heart Failure in Awake Dogs. Kun-Lun He, Hwa Zhou, Geng-Hua Yi, Eva Maria Becker, Race Kao, Jack Harvey, Anguo Gu, Ge-Ping Zhang, Satoshi Mohri, Jie Wang, Daniel Burkhoff. Division of Circulatory Physiology, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York City, N.Y., USA
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In Vitro Culture Of Muscle Derived Stem Cells For Application In Human Cardiac Regenerative Therapy By Means Of Cellular Cardiomyoplasty. Pérez A, Perez-Calvo J, Herreros J, Barba J, Rábago G, Inogés S, Ariz G, Cosín J, Gavira JJ, Rifón J, Hernández M, Rodríguez Calvillo M, Martin-Algarra, Prósper F.
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Satellite Cells for Myocardial Regeneration. Race L. Kao, Ph.D., Charlene Rizzo, Ph.D., George J. Magovern, M.D. Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsbugh, PA 15212. THE PHYSIOLOGISTAugust 1989; 32(4):220.
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Comparison of Benefits on Myocardial Performance of Cellular Cardiomyoplasty with Skeletal Myoblasts and Fibroblasts. Taylor, Doris A.; Atkins, B. Zane; Glower, Donald D.; Hopkins, M. Benjamin; Hueman, Matthew T.; Hutcheson, Kelley A,
Cell Transplantation VOL. 9 NO. 3 May-June, 2000 PP. 359-368.
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Regenerating Functional Myocardium: Improved Performance After Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation. Taylor DA, Atkins B, Hungspreugs P, Jones TR, Reedy MC, Hutcheson KA, Glower DD and WE Kraus. Nature Med. 1998. 4(8):929-933.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty Improves Diastolic Properties of Injured Heart. Atkins BZ, Hueman MT, Meuchel J, Hutcheson KA, Glower DD and DA Taylor. J Surgical Res. 1999. 85,234-242.
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Myoblast Cell Grafting into Heart Muscle: Cellular Biology and Potential Applications. Kessler PD and BJ Byrne. Annu Rev Physiol. 1999. Vol 61: 219-42.

South Floridian Could Be First American To Test Revolutionary Heart Treatment. McVICAR, Nancy. Sun-Sentinel Web-posted: 11:34 p.m. Feb. 18, 2001
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Mild-Mannered Bioheart Founder Aims to Make Difference. BIOTECH, January 10, 2000, page 7G
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Commentary: Cellular Cardiomyoplasty With Autologous Skeletal Myoblasts For Ischemic Heart Disease And Heart Failure. Doris A Taylor, 10 September 2001 Curr Control Trials Cardiovasc Med 2001, 2:in press.
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AMD3100 and CD26 Modulate Mobilization, Engraftment, and Survival of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Mediated by the SDF-1/CXCL12-CXCR4 Axis. Hal E Broxmeyer, Giao Hangoc, Scott Cooper, Timothy Campbell, Shigeki Ito, and Charlie Mantel Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., March 14, 2007; .
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Gene Transfer of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Enhances Ischemic Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis via Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase-Related Pathway. Ken-ichi Hiasa, MD; Minako Ishibashi, MD; Kisho Ohtani, MD; Shujiro Inoue, MD; Qingwei Zhao, MD; Shiro Kitamoto, MD; Masataka Sata, MD; Toshihiro Ichiki, MD; Akira Takeshita, MD; Kensuke Egashira, MD.
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Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1, and CXCR4 in Human Limb Muscle With Acute and Chronic Ischemia. Vincent van Weel, Leonard Seghers, Margreet R de Vries, Esther J Kuiper, Reinier O Schlingemann, Ingeborg Bajema, Jan H N Lindeman, Pien M Delis-van Diemen, Victor W M van Hinsbergh, J Hajo van Bockel, and Paul H A Quax Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., March 15, 2007;
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Cellular, But Not Direct, Adenoviral Delivery of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Results in Improved Left Ventricular Function and Neovascularization in Dilated Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.
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Myoblast-Mediated Gene Transfer for Therapeutic Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis
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SDF-1 Tells Stem Cells to Mind Their P's and Z's
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How Do Stem Cells Find Their Way Home?
Tsvee Lapidot, Ayelet Dar, and Orit Kollet; From the Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel.
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Study Finds Inflammation Triggers Work by Stem Cells. Evan Snyder, a biologist at the Burnham Institute in La Jolla, is a lead author of a study published online December 7, 2004 that links inflammation and stem cell activity.
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Signaling Factors In Stem Cell-Mediated Repair Of Infarcted Myocardium.
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Marc S. Penn, Gary S. Francis, Stephen G. Ellis, James B. Young, Patrick M. McMarthy, and Eric J. Topol. Autologous Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Damaged Myocardium.
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Arterial Delivery of Genetically Labelled Skeletal Myoblasts to the Murine Heart: Long-Term Survival and Phenotypic Modification of Implanted Myoblasts. Robinson SW, Cho PW, Levitsky HI, Olson JL, Hruban RH, Acker MA and PD Kessler. Cell Transplantation. 1996. Vol 5 No 1: 77-91.

Enhanced Myocardial Angiogenesis by Gene Transfer With Transplanted Cells. Terrence M. Yau, Karen Fung, Richard D. Weisel, Takeshiro Fujii, Donald A.G. Mickle, and Ren-Ke Li. Circulation 2001 104 [Suppl I]: I-218 - I-222.
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Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction Using Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor­Expressing Skeletal Myoblasts. Ken Suzuki, Bari Murtuza, Ryszard T. Smolenski, Ivan A. Sammut, Noriko Suzuki, Yasufumi Kaneda, and Magdi H. Yacoub. Circulation 2001 104 [Suppl I]: I-207 - I-212.
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Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation Through A Catheter-Based Coronary Sinus Approach: An Effective Means Of Improving Function Of Infarcted Myocardium.
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Endoventricular Transplantation of Allogenic Skeletal Myoblasts in a Porcine Model of Myocardial Infarction. Nabil Dib, MD, MSc; Edward B. Diethrich, MD; Ann Campbell, RN; Noreen Goodwin, RN; Barb Robinson, LVT, LATg; James Gilbert, BA; Dan W. Hobohm, MD; and Doris A. Taylor, PhD.
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Adult Stem Cells For Myocardial Repair. Felipe Prósper, Ana Perez, Juana Merino, Gregorio Rábago, Juan Carlos Chachques, Milagros Hernández, Joaquín Barba, Eduardo Alegria, Juan José Gavira, Angel Panizo and Jesús Herreros.
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Cell Transplantation Cardiac Special Issue On Cardiac Cell Therapy From Around The World. Special linked table of contents listing Abstracts.

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Late-Breaking Clinical Trial News Release 9: Implanting Muscle Cells to Treat Heart Failure Seems Safe, Promising.
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MYOBLAST CELL GRAFTING INTO HEART MUSCLE: Cellular Biology and Potential Applications. Annual Review of Physiology, Vol. 61: 219-242 (Volume publication date March 1999) (doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.219)

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Transendocardial Delivery of Extracellular Myocardial Markers by Using Combination X-ray/MR Fluoroscopic Guidance: Feasibility Study in Dogs. Maythem Saeed, DVM, PhD, Randall Lee, MD, PhD, Alastair Martin, PhD, Oliver Weber, PhD, Gabriele A. Krombach, MD, Simon Schalla, MD, Michael Lee, David Saloner, PhD, Charles B. Higgins, MD. View this Article

Cellular Cardiomyoplasty: Improvement of Left Ventricular Function Correlates with the Release of Cardioactive Cytokines.
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Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation In Ischemic Heart Failure: Long-Term Follow-Up Of The First Phase I Cohort Of Patients. Hagege AA, Marolleau JP, Vilquin JT, Alheritiere A, Peyrard S, Duboc D, Abergel E, Messas E, Mousseaux E, Schwartz K, Desnos M, Menasche P.
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Autologous Myoblast Transplantation for Chronic Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation.
This study was designed to assess whether post-myocardial infarction (MI) in-scar transplantation of skeletal myoblasts (SM) could reduce chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) by decreasing left ventricular (LV) remodeling.
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Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation Through A Catheter-Based Coronary Sinus Approach: An Effective Means Of Improving Function Of Infarcted Myocardium.
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Do Engrafted Skeletal Myoblasts Contract in Infarcted Myocardium? Bertrand Leobon, Dept of CV Surg, Hosp Bichat, Paris, France; Isabelle Garcin, Jean-Thomas Vilquin, INSERM U-523, Inst de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France; Philippe Menasche, Dept of CV Surg & INSERM U-572, Hosp Bichat, Paris, France; Etienne Audinat, Serge Charpak, Lab de Neurophysiologie INSERM EPI 0002, Ecole Superieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris, Paris, France. View this Article

Cellular Cardiomyoplasty: A New Therapeutic Approach for Regenerating the Myocardium. Piano MR, Carrigan TM., Medical-Surgical Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, College
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Out of the Lab, into the World. - University of Minnesota Alumni Association Article

Excerpt: As a post-doctoral fellow at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City, Dr. Doris Taylor was in the midst of studying the genetic differences between the muscle tissues in the heart and the skeletal system when she recalled her mentor pointing out that human beings are born with all the heart cells they are ever going to possess. Heart cells grow and expand, but the body doesn’t make new heart cells throughout life. Unlike skeletal muscle, which is capable of repairing or replacing damaged cells, once the heart is injured with, for example, a myocardial infarction, no new cells develop to replace those cells that have died as a result of the injury.

A few years later, while Taylor was working at Duke University, this distinction led to a flash of insight. "It occurred to me that if skeletal muscle contains cells—which are called myoblasts—that can repair damaged tissue, maybe we could use those cells to get heart muscle to repair itself too." View this Article

Myoblast Transplantation For Cardiac Repair: A Clinical Perspective. Haider HKh, Tan AC, Aziz S, Chachques JC, Sim EK. National University Medical Institutes, 119074, Singapore, Singapore.
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Myoblasts Transplanted Into Rat Infarcted Myocardium Are Functionally Isolated From Their Host. Bertrand Le´obon, Isabelle Garcin, Philippe Menasche´, Jean-Thomas Vilquin, Etienne Audinat, and Serge Charpak.
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Viability And Differentiation Of Autologous Skeletal Myoblast Grafts In Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy. Albert A Hagège, Claire Carrion, Philippe Menasché, Jean-Thomas Vilquin, Denis Duboc, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Michel Desnos, Patrick Brunevale.
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Enhancement Of Adult Muscle Regeneration By Primary Myoblast Transplantation. John F. DeRosimo, Charles H. Washabaugh, Martin P. Ontell, Monica J. Daood, Jon F. Watchko, Simon C. Watkins, Bill T. Ameredes, and Marcia Ontell.
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Innate Inflammatory Cells Are Not Responsible for Early Death of Donor Myoblasts After Myoblast Transfer Therapy. Sammels LM, Bosio E, Fragall CT, Grounds MD, Van Rooijen N, Beilharz MW. View this Article

Dynamics and Mediators of Acute Graft Attrition After Myoblast Transplantation to the Heart. Suzuki K, Murtuza B, Beauchamp JR, Smolenski RT, Varela-Carver A, Fukushima S, Coppen SR, Partridge TA, Yacoub MH., View this Article

Comparison: Fetal Calf Serum vs. Human Serum Culturing Myoblasts.
Polish Heart Journal, September 2002, Vol. LVII, Nr 9
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Skeletal Myoblast Transplant In Heart Failure. Sim EK, Jiang S, Ye L, Lim YL, Ooi OC, Med M, Haider KH.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty--a Novel Approach To Treat Heart Disease. Muller-Ehmsen J, Kedes LH, Schwinger RH, Kloner RA.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty Improves Survival After Myocardial Injury. Roell W, Lu ZJ, Bloch W, Siedner S, Tiemann K, Xia Y, Stoecker E, Fleischmann M, Bohlen H, Stehle R, Kolossov E, Brem G, Addicks K, Pfitzer G, Welz A, Hescheler J, Fleischmann BK.
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Angiogenesis In Transmyocardial Revascularization: Comparison Of Laser Versus Mechanical Punctures. Chu VF, Giaid A, Kuang J, McGinn AN, Li CM, Pelletier MP and RCJ Chiu. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;68:301-8.
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Delivery Of Primary Autologous Skeletal Myoblasts Into Rabbit Heart By Coronary Infusion: A Potential Approach To Myocardial Repair. Taylor DA, Silvestry SC, Bishop SP, Annex BH, Lilly RE, Glower DD and WE Kraus. Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians. 1997. 109(3): 245-253.
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Intracardiac Transplantation of Skeletal Myoblasts Yields Two Populations of Striated Cells In Situ. Atkins BZ, Lewis CW, Kraus WE, Hutcheson KA, Glower DD and DA Taylor. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999. 67:124-9.
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Myoblast Transplantation in the Porcine Model: A Potential Technique for Myocardial Repair. Van Meter CH, Claycomb WC, Delcarpio JB, Smith DM, deGruiter H, Smart F, and JL Ochsner. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 1995. Volume 110 Number 5:1442-8.
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  Does Transplantation of Cardiomyocytes Improve Function of Infarcted Myocardium? Scorsin M, Hagege AA, Marotte F, Mirochnik N, Copin H, Barnoux M, Sabri A, Samuel JL, Rappaport L and P Menasche. Circulation, Supplement II 1997. Volume 96 No 9. II-188-II-193.
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Cardiomyocyte Transplantation in a Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model. Watanabe E, Smith DM, Delcarpio JB, Sun J, Smart FW, Van Meter CH and WC Claycomb. Cell Transplantation. 1998. Vol7 No3: 239-46.
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Intracoronary Infusion of Skeletal Myoblasts Improves Cardiac Function in Doxorubicin-Induced Heart Failure. Ken Suzuki, Bari Murtuza, Noriko Suzuki, Ryszard T. Smolenski, and Magdi H. Yacoub. Circulation 2001 104 [Suppl I]: I-213 - I-217.
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Is Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation Clinically Relevant in the Era of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors? Bruno Pouzet, Saïd Ghostine, Jean-Thomas Vilquin, Isabelle Garcin, Marcio Scorsin, Albert A. Hagège, Denis Duboc, Ketty Schwartz, and Philippe Menasché. Circulation 2001 104 [Suppl I]: I-223 - I-228.
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Proangiogenic Actions Of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Hindlimb Ischemia Model.
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Ex Vivo Priming of Endothelial Progenitor Cells With SDF-1 Before Transplantation Could Increase Their Proangiogenic Potential.
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Autologous Transplantation Of Peripheral Blood Endothelial Progenitor Cells (CD34+) For Therapeutic Angiogenesis In Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia
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Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Postnatal Neovascularization In A Mouse Model Of Hindlimb Ischemia
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Novel Autologous Cell Therapy In Ischemic Limb Disease Through Growth Factor Secretion By Cultured Adipose Tissue–Derived Stromal Cells
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Secretion Of Angiogenic And Antiapoptotic Factors By Human Adipose Stromal Cells
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Transplantation Of Adipose Stromal Cells, But Not Mature Adipocytes, Augments Ischemia-Induced Angiogenesis.
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Spontaneous Cardiomyocyte Differentiation From Adipose Tissue Stroma Cells
V. Planat-Bénard, C. Menard, M. André, M. Puceat, A. Perez, J.-M. Garcia-Verdugo, L. Pénicaud, L. Casteilla
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Electrophysiological Consequence Of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Transplantation In Infarcted Porcine Myocardium.
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Intracoronary Administration Of Autologous Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Improves Left Ventricular Function, Perfusion, And Remodelling After Acute Myocardial Infarction.
View this Abstract

Spontaneous Cardiomyocyte Differentiation From Adipose Tissue Stroma Cells
V. Planat-Bénard, C. Menard, M. André, M. Puceat, A. Perez, J.-M. Garcia-Verdugo, L. Pénicaud, L. Casteilla.
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Fat Stem Cells Turned Into Muscle In Experiment
Research Won't Solve Obesity But Could Repair Hearts, Other Organs.
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Adipose Stromal Cells--Plastic Type Of Cells With High Therapeutic Potential.
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Induction of Adipocyte-Like Phenotype in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Hypoxia.
Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. (ACT) reported that they have developed a technique that may successfully generate human embryonic stem cells using an approach that does not harm embryos.
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Role Of Progenitor Endothelial Cells In Cardiovascular Disease And Upcoming Therapies
Kawamoto A, Asahara T.
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Endothelial Cells Promote Cardiac Myocyte Survival And Spatial Reorganization: Implications For Cardiac Regeneration.
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Myogenic Potential Of Adipose-Tissue-Derived Cells.
Adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be directed towards a myogenic phenotype in vitro by the addition of specific inductive media. However, the ability of these or other adipose-tissue-associated cells to respond to 'natural' myogenic cues such as a myogenic environment has never been investigated in detail.
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Genetically Selected Stem Cells from Human Adipose Tissue Express Cardiac Markers.
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Improved Graft Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival in Ischemic Heart With a Hypoxia-Regulated Heme Oxygenase-1 Vector.
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Cell Transplantation Therapy For End-Stage Heart Failure-Enhanced Efficacy Of Transplantation By Control-Release Of Cell Growth Factor.
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Adult Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair: A Choice Between Skeletal Myoblasts and Bone Marrow Stem Cells -- Ye et al. 2.
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Combined Autologous Cellular Cardiomyoplasty with Skeletal Myoblasts and Bone Marrow Cells in Canine Hearts for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Memon IA, Sawa Y, Miyagawa S, Taketani S, Matsuda H.; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery E1, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka, Japan.
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Combined Transplantation Of Skeletal Myoblasts And Angiopoietic Progenitor Cells Reduces Infarct Size And Apoptosis And Improves Cardiac Function In Chronic Ischemic Heart Failure.

Nikolaos Bonaros, MD, Rauend Rauf, MD, Dominik Wolf, MD, Eva Margreiter, PhD, Alexandar Tzankov, MD, Bernhard Schlechta, MD, Alfred Kocher, MD, Harald Ott, MD, Thomas Schachner, MD, Steffen Hering, PhD, Johannes Bonatti, MD, Guenther Laufer, MD
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Combined Transplantation of Skeletal Myoblasts and Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Myocardial Repair in Rats. H.C. Ott, N. Bonaros, R. Marksteiner, D. Wolf, E. Margreiter, T. Schachner, G. Laufer, S. Hering.
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Molecular Signatures Define Myogenic Stem Cell Populations. Developmental and regenerative mechanisms are directed by stem cell populations. Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue that is capable of adapting to stress and severe injury due to a resident somatic stem cell population. In response to a severe injury that destroys upward of 90% of the tissue, skeletal muscle efficiently and reproducibly regenerates damaged tissue and restores the cellular architecture within a 2-wk period..
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Repair of Impaired Myocardium by Means of Implantation of Engineered Autologous Myoblast Sheets. Imran A. Memon, MBBS, PhD, Yoshiki Sawa, MD, PhD, Norihide Fukushima, MD, Goro Matsumiya, MD, Shigeru Miyagawa, MD, PhD , Satoshi Taketani, MD, Satoru K. Sakakida, MD, PhD, Haruhiko Kondoh, MD, PhD, Alexey N. Aleshin, MD, PhD, Tatsuya Shimizu, MD, PhD, Teruo Okano, PhD, Hikaru Matsuda, MD. View this Article 

Autologous Human Serum for Cell Culture Avoids the Implantation of Cardioverter-defibrillators in Cellular Cardiomyoplasty. View this Article

Cell Transplantation After The Coculture of Skeletal Myoblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Regeneration of the Myocardium Scar: An Experimental Study in Rats.
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Three Catheter-based Strategies For Cardiac Delivery Of Therapeutic Gelatin Microspheres.
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Collagen Matrices Enhance Survival Of Transplanted Cardiomyoblasts And Contribute To Functional Improvement Of Ischemic Rat Hearts.
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Combined Transplantation of Skeletal Myoblasts and Mesenchymal Cells (Cocultivation) in Ventricular Dysfunction After Myocardial Infarction.
Cell therapy in the myocardium has been mainly performed with satisfactory results using 2 cell types: skeletal myoblasts (myogenic) and mesenchymal cells (angiogenic). This study assessed the combined transplantation of those 2 cell types (SMM) into infarcted rats.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Targeted Catheter-Based Implantation of Myogenic Precursor Cells Into Infarcted Left Ventricular Myocardium.
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Combined Autologous Cellular Cardiomyoplasty with Skeletal Myoblasts and Bone Marrow Cells in Canine Hearts for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Memon IA, Sawa Y, Miyagawa S, Taketani S, Matsuda H.; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery E1, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka, Japan.
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Administration of Control-Released Hepatocyte Growth Factor Enhances the Efficacy of Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation in Rat Infarcted Hearts by Greatly Increasing Both Quantity and Quality of the Graft. Tambara K, Premaratne GU, Sakaguchi G, Kanemitsu N, Lin X, Nakajima H, Sakakibara Y, Kimura Y, Yamamoto M, Tabata Y, Ikeda T, Komeda M.; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Differential Myocardial Infarct Repair with Muscle Stem Cells Compared to Myoblasts
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Intramyocardial Microdepot Injection Increases the Efficacy of Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation
Harald C. Ott, Ruth Kroess, Nikolaos Bonaros, Rainer Marksteiner, Eva Margreiter, Thomas Schachner, Guenther Laufer, Steffen Hering
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Repairing the Heart - Angiogenesis or Myogenesis? [September 27, 2004; Dr. Doris Taylor]
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Injectable Biopolymers Enhance Angiogenesis after Myocardial Infarction
NGAN F. HUANG, B.S., JIASHING YU, B.S., RICHARD SIEVERS, B.S., SONG LI, Ph.D., and RANDALL J. LEE, M.D., Ph.D.
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Bioretention Improvement from Mixing Cells with Temperature Sensitive Hydrogel Study; July 2004, Conducted at Bioheart's Florida R&D Lab and Florida International University working in collaboration with Mount Sinai Hospital in Miami.

Authors; Ms. Martha Vallejo, M.S., Bioheart Research Associate, Dr. Eric Crumpler, Professor of Tissue Engineering, Florida International University, Dr. Tony McGoran, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Mr. Ben Boytor, Bioheart Research Associate, Mr. Jason Griffeth, Bioheart Advanced Research and Business Development, Howard J. Leonhardt, CEO Bioheart, Inc, Dr. Michael Brown, Senior Scientist, Bioheart, Inc.

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Angiogenic Growth Factors and/or Cellular Therapy for Myocardial Regeneration: A Comparative Study
Authors; Juan C. Chachques, MD, PhD, Fabricio Duarte, MD, Barbara Cattadori, MD, Abdel Shafy, MD, Nermine Lila, DVM, PhD, Gilles Chatellier, MD, Jean-Noel Fabiani, MD, Alain F. Carpentier, MD, PhD.

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Effects of Contrast Media on Porcine Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells and Calf Myoblast Viability and Secretion of Vegf And Mcp-1. Baffour R, Pakala R, Hellinga D, Seabron R, Fournadjiev J, Wolfram R, Okubagzi P, Epstein SE, Waksman R.;
Cardiovascular Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
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Angiomyogenesis for Cardiac Repair Using Human Myoblasts as Carriers of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Kh Haider H, Ye L, Jiang S, Ge R, Law PK, Chua T, Wong P, Sim EK. National University Medical Institutes, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore. View this Article

Beating is Necessary for Transdifferentiation of Skeletal Muscle-derived Cells into Cardiomyocytes. Yoshihiro Iijima, Toshio Nagai, Miho Mizukami, Katsuhisa Matsuura, Takehiko Ogura, Hiroshi Wada, Haruhiko Toko, Hiroshi Akazawa, Hiroyuki Takano, Haruaki Nakaya, and Issei Komuro.
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Transgene Expression in Cell-transplanted Hearts. Terrence M. Yau, MD, MS, Guangming Li, MD, Richard D. Weisel, MD, Adili Reheman, MD, Zhi-Qiang Ji, MD, Donald A. G. Mickle, MD, Ren-Ke Li, MD, PhD.
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Prospects for Therapeutic Angiogenesis and Myogenesis in Patients with Advanced Coronary Disease. Stephen G. Ellis, MD, Fernando A. Cura, MD, Debabrata Mukherjee, MD, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Activation Of Muscle Satellite Cells In Single-fiber Cultures. Anderson J, Pilipowicz O.
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The Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell: Stem Cell Or Son Of Stem Cell? A Satellie Call Review By: Peter S. Zammit Á Jonathan R. Beauchamp. Differentiation (2001) 68:193­204 C Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag 2001.
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Identification Of Myogenic-endothelial Progenitor Cells In The Interstitial Spaces Of Skeletal Muscle. Tamaki, T.; Akatsuka, A.; Ando, K.; Nakamura, Y.; Matsuzawa, H.; Hotta, T.; Roy, R. R.; Edgerton, V. R.
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Experimental Cell Patch Cardiomyoplasty In Acute Myocardial Infarction For Prevention Of Remodeling. S.A. Taheri, M.D., Howard J. Leonhardt, R. Heffner, M.D., Michael Noe, M.D., John Naughton, M.D.
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Cellular Patch Cardiomyoplasty and Omentopexy. Syde A. Taheri, M.D., FACS, Michael Noe, M.D., John Naughton, M.D., Howard Leonhardt.
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The Biotech Weblog: Engineering Muscle Tissue-Derived Myoblasts Create Electrically-Conducting Tissue For The Heart.
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A Biological Pacemaker Created From Patient’s Own Cells
Now, researchers at Children’s Hospital Boston have found out a way to use the patient’s own cells instead of a pacemaker to treat the problems associated with traditional pacemakers. The team, led by Douglas Cowan, PhD, a cell biologist in Children’s Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, wanted to create some sort of biological substitute for heart block that would, of course, be more natural and more stable. ...
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Natural Pacemaker 'Within 10 Years'
The days of the artificial pacemaker may soon be over for millions of people with serious heart problems. Scientists in the United States believe it may one day be possible to use a person's own body tissue to repair damage around the heart. Tests on rats suggest that implanting manipulated tissue back into the body could help people's hearts to beat regularly...
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Scientists Develop Technique That May Generate Human Embryonic Stem Cells Without Harming The Embryo.
Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. (ACT) reported that they have developed a technique that may successfully generate human embryonic stem cells using an approach that does not harm embryos.
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Researchers Move Biotechnology Closer To Replacing Electronic Pacemakers.
University of California-Davis (UC Davis) researchers have successfully used a custom designed protein and gene delivery system to restore normal heart rhythms in pigs with electronic pacemakers, reducing their dependence on implanted devices. This work suggests that scientists are one step closer to making bioengineering a reality in treating more than 2.2 million Americans affected by irregular heartbeats.
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UC Davis Researchers Move Biotechnology Closer to Replacing Electronic Pacemakers.
UC Davis researchers have successfully used a custom designed protein and gene delivery system to restore normal heart rhythms in pigs with electronic pacemakers, reducing their dependence on implanted devices.
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Bioartificial Sinus Node Constructed via In Vivo Gene Transfer of an Engineered Pacemaker HCN Channel Reduces the Dependence on Electronic Pacemaker in a Sick-Sinus Syndrome Model. Tse HF, Xue T, Lau CP, Siu CW, Wang K, Zhang QY, Tomaselli GF, Akar FG, Li RA.
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Engineered Cells Could Control Irregular Heartbeat
Natural Tissues Might Replace Implanted Pacemakers In Children, Study Suggests. View this Article

Engineered Heart Tissue Offers Insights Into Arrhythmias.
Implanted defibrillators can protect many patients, but sometimes the devices instead accelerate rapid heart beats. The mechanism responsible for this had remained unclear. Duke University News and Communications February 3, 2006.
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Can Biological Pacemakers Become A Clinical Reality?
Electronic pacemakers are lifesaving devices but they require regular maintenance and do not readily respond to the demands of exercise and emotion. Alternative pacemaking strategies are, therefore, desirable. Biological pacemakers might provide the answer. Impulse initiation by native biological pacemaker cells relies on the balance between a number of ion channels and transporters, many of which are hormonally modulated; therefore, numerous routes to creating a biological pacemaker have been available for investigation. So far, various strategies have been assessed with differing degrees of success: enhancement of ß-adrenergic responsiveness, decrease in outward current, increase in inward current or creation of new pacemaker cells from embryonic or mesenchymal stem cells. Genetic or cellular material is delivered to the heart via naked DNA, viral vectors, or human mesenchymal or embryonic stem cells, each with its own difficulties. This viewpoint focuses on the rapid advances being made in the experimental field of biological pacemakers and addresses the issues that need to be confronted before clinical use.
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Editorial: Biological Pacemakers.
"Genetically engineered pacemakers could be a possible alternative to implantable electronic devices for the treatment of bradyarrhythmias." Rajesh G, MBBS, MD, DNB, DM; Johnson Francis, MBBS, MD, DM, FCSI Department of Cardiology, Medical College Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India.
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Electrostimulation Induces Cardiomyocyte Predifferentiation Of Fibroblasts.
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Electrical Stimulation For Endothelia.
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Electrical Stimulation Directly Induces Pre-Angiogenic Responses In Vascular Endothelial Cells By Signaling Through VEGF Receptors.
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Acute Electrical Stimulation Increases Extramyocardial Collateral Blood Flow After A Cardiomyoplasty.
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Practical Aspects Of Cardiac Tissue Engineering With Electrical Stimulation.
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Electrical Stimulation Promotes Angiogenesis in a Rabbit Hind-Limb Ischemia Model.
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Novel Electrical Stimulation Sets the Cultured Myoblast Contractile Function to 'On'.
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Muscle Cells Grown into Working Heart Cells Squeezing a Heart Back into Rhythm.
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Myogenic Pre-Differentiation Of Bone-Marrow Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells By In Vitro Electrostimulation.
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Electrostimulation Enhances Fat/CD36-Mediated Long Chain Fatty Acid Uptake by Isolated Rat Cardiac Myocytes.
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Combined Cardiac Resynchronization and Implantable Cardioversion Defibrillation in Advanced Chronic Heart Failure - The Miracle ICD Trial.
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Association Of Cellular Cardiomyoplasty With Multisite Cardiac Pacing.
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Engineering Skeletal Myoblasts: Roles of 3-D Culture and Electrical Stimulation?
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Long-Term Aneurally Regenerated Skeletal Myofibers into Heart: How Long They Could Survive and Grow by Phasic Daily FES? Ugo Carrarog - C.N.R. Institute of Neuroscience, Unit for Neuromuscular Biology and Physiopathology, Laboratory of Applied Myology of the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua Medical School, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Fatigue Resistant Muscle by Cell Transplantation and Electrical Conditioning. Race L. Kao, Janet Davis, Elizabeth Lamb and William Browder; Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
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Non-pacing Electric Stimulation for Heart Failure. A report via PRNewswire on a cardiac stimulation system from Impulse Diagnostics, Inc, which has just started Phase II trials.
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Permanent Pacing is a Risk Factor for the Development of Heart Failure. Freudenberger RS, Wilson AC, Lawrence-Nelson J, Hare JM, Kostis JB; Myocardial Infarction Data Acquisition System Study Group (MIDAS 9).
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Electric Stimulation Promotes Differentiation of Cultured Myoblasts. Y. Kawahara, C. Umeda 1, T. Miyashita 1, T. Kajiume 1, H. Moriyama 1, K. Kataoka 2, L. Yuge 1 (1 Graduate School of Health Sciences, 2 Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan).
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Heart Patch Pulses Like the Real Thing - Study.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty for Myocardial Support and Regeneration. (Sept. 2004) J.C. Chachques, O. Schussler, R. Giambroni, J. Tommasi, J.-N. Fabiani and A. Carpentier. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
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Beneficial Effects of Pre- and Post-Implant Cell Electrostimulation. (June 2004) J.C. Chachques, A. Shafy, R. Giambroni, O. Schussler, E. Lauret, A. Carpentier.
Pomidou Hospital, University of Paris, France.
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Fast-to-Slow Transformation and Nuclear Import/Export Kinetics of the Transcription Factor Nfatc1 During Electrostimulation of Rabbit Muscle Cells in Culture. Hans-Peter Kubis, Renate J. Scheibe, Joachim D. Meißner, Gunther Hornung and Gerolf Gros. Zentrum Physiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30623 Hannover, Germany.
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Electrical Stimulation Technique For Tissue Regeneration. Zanakis; Michael F. (67 Smith St., Glen Cove, NY 11542); Femano; Philip A. (69 Alexander Ave., Nutley, NJ 07110).
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Partial Fast-to-Slow Conversion Of Regenerating Rat Fast-Twitch Muscle By Chronic Low-Frequency Stimulation. Pette D, Sketelj J, Skorjanc D, Leisner E, Traub I, Bajrovic F.
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Can Angiogenesis Induced By Chronic Electrical Stimulation Enhance Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap Survival For Application In Cardiomyoplasty? Overgoor ML, Carroll SM, Papanicolau G, Carroll CM, Ustuner TE, Stremel RW, Anderson GL, Franken RJ, Kon M, Barker JH.
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Electrical Stimulation Promotes Angiogenesis In A Rabbit Hind-limb Ischemia Model. Chekanov V, Rayel R, Krum D, Alwan I, Hare J, Bajwa T, Akhtar M.
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Hypoxia And Expression Of Vegf-a Protein In Relation To Capillary Growth In Electrically Stimulated Rat And Rabbit Skeletal Muscles? Hudlicka O, Milkiewicz M, Cotter MA, Brown MD.
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Angiogenesis Induced By Electrical Stimulation Is Mediated By Angiotensin II And VEGF. Amaral SL, Linderman JR, Morse MM, Greene AS.
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Development Of An Implantable Muscle Stimulator: Measurement Of Stimulated Angiogenesis And Poststimulus Vessel Regression. Linderman JR, Kloehn MR, Greene AS.
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Impact of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Using Hemodynamically Optimized Pacing on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure and Ventricular Condition Disturbances. Aachen, Essen and Magdeburg, Germany; Uterecht, The Netherlands; Brussels, Belgium; and St. Paul, Minnesota.
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Establishment of a Simple and Practical Procedure Applicable to Therapeutic Angiogenesis
Shinichi Kanno, MD; Nobuyuki Oda, MSc; Mayumi Abe, MD, PhD; Sachiko Saito, PhD; Katsuyoshi Hori, PhD; Yasunobu Handa, MD, PhD; Koichi Tabayashi, MD, PhD; Yasufumi Sato, MD, PhD
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Cost/Utility Ratio In Chronic Heart Failure: Comparison Between Heart Failure Management Program Delivered By Day-Hospital And Usual Care.
This study compared the effectiveness and cost/utility ratio between a heart failure (HF) management program delivered by day-hospital (DH) and usual care in chronic heart failure (CHF) outpatients. View this Article

Treating Heart Failure: Beyond Standard Therapy
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Prevalence and Incidence of Arrhythmias and Sudden Death in Heart Failure
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Walter Mondale: Medical Research Is One Smart Investment For State. Walther Mondale [February 18, 2005]
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Treating Heart Failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart becomes too weak to pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body's tissues. The weak heart muscle can't pump out blood fast enough, and blood returning to the heart backs up into the lungs and the tissues of the body. At first, patients may experience fatigue and shortness of breath during exercise or heavy exertion. As the condition progresses, symptoms can occur with regular activities. In serious cases, patients experience the symptoms even while at rest. View this Article

Prognosis In Heart Failure With Preserved Left Ventricular Systolic Function: Prospective Cohort Study. Philip A MacCarthy, Mark T Kearney, James Nolan, Amanda J Lee, Robin J Prescott, Ajay M Shah, W Paul Brooksby, Keith A A Fox.
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Cardiac-Bio-Assists: Biological Approaches To Support Or Repair Cardiac Muscle. Carraro U, Rigatelli G, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Unit for Neuromuscular Biology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Applied Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
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Prognosis For Patients Newly Admitted To Hospital With Heart Failure: Survival Trends In 12 220 Index Admissions In Leicestershire 1993­2001. H M Blackledge, J Tomlinson and I B Squire.
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Long-Term Trends in the Incidence of and Survival with Heart Failure. Daniel Levy, M.D., Satish Kenchaiah, M.D., Martin G. Larson, S.D., Emelia J. Benjamin, M.D., Sc.D., Michelle J. Kupka, M.A., Kalon K.L. Ho, M.D., Joanne M. Murabito, M.D., and Ramachandran S. Vasan, M.D.
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One-Year Mortality Among Unselected Outpatients With Heart Failure. J. Muntwyler, G. Abetel, C. Gruner, F. Follath
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Heart Failure Presentation.
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Alterations in Left Ventricular Mechanics, Energetics, and Contractile Reserve in Experimental Heart Failure. Wolff MR, de Tombe PP, Harasawa Y, Burkhoff D, Bier S, Hunter WC, Gerstenblith G and DA Kass., Circ. Res. 1992. 70: 516-529.
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Characterizing Ventricular Mechanics and Energetics Following Repeated Coronary Microembolization. Todaka K, Leibowitz D, Homma S, Fisher PE, Derosa C, Stennett R, Packer M and D Burkhoff., Am J Physiol 1997. 272 (HCP 41): H186-H194.
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Contractile Strength and Mechanical Efficiency of Left Ventricle are Enhanced by Physiological Afterload. Burkhoff D, de Tombe PP, Hunter WC and DA Kass., Am J Physiol. 1991. 260 (HCP 29): H569-H5798.
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Hemodynamic Effects of a Calcium Channel Promoter, BAY y 5959, are Preserved after Chronic Administration in Ischemic Heart Failure in Conscious Dogs. Yi GH, Burkhoff D, Zhang H, Zhu SM, Zwas D, and J Wang., Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1998. Vol 286 No 2:760-766.
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Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy Closer To Reality.
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Abstracts for the 11th HFSA Annual Scientific Meeting Now Available.

Click here to go to the Journal of Cardiac Failure web site to view the abstracts.

Trials of the Heart [The Scientist - Magazine of the Life Sciences]

Dozens of human trials have already begun to assess the efficacy of adult stem cells in treating heart disease. This off-site listing shows details for several ongoing and recently terminated trials. You can sort the listing using the controls at top and click through the trial name for more information courtesy of the National Library of Medicine. View the Listing Table...

FYI - Article about a study conducted by a Harvard Medical School Professor - Key Clues to Muscle Regeneration.
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Stem Cell Study Seeks to Prevent Congestive Heart Failure.
Researchers at the Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation have launched a study to examine whether administration of stem cells to first time heart attack patients can prevent the development of congestive heart failure.
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Muscle Stem Cells in Development, Regeneration, and Disease.
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Is Stem Cell Therapy Ready for Patients? Stem Cell Therapy for Cardiac Repair - Ready for the Next Step.
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Stem Cell Study Pumps Life Back Into Dying Hearts - Man's Resurgence Surprises Doctors.
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Stem Cells - Lost in Translation by Kenneth R. Chien
The potential use of stem cells as agents of repair in human disease makes them the subject of high-profile studies. But we should be wary of prematurely pushing laboratory research into clinical practice.
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Stem Cell Boost for Heart Transplants.
A pilot study conducted on the use of stem cells to repair the damaged heart muscle of four male patients with end-stage heart failure is proving successful.
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Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Fail To Meet High Expectations Says Bonn Study.
Adult stem cells taken from bone marrow are the "shooting stars" of their field. Many research scientists have been speculating that the cells might be able to pass through the blood into diseased organs and replace defective tissue. Such cells are seen as the potential key to the treatment of certain muscle diseases. However, a study currently being conducted at Bonn's University Clinic has produced some sobering findings.
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Transplantation of Autologous Fresh Bone Marrow Into Infarcted Myocardium: A Word of Caution
Alain Bel, MD; Emmanuel Messas, MD; Onnik Agbulut, PhD; Patrice Richard, MD;
Jane- Lyse Samuel, PhD; Patrick Bruneval, MD; Albert A. Hage`ge, MD, PhD; Philippe Menasche´, MD, PhD.
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Stem Cells Therapy Is A Safe Tool For Mending Broken Hearts. [Article from ESC Congress 2003: Stem cells – A tool for mending broken hearts?]
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Molecular and Cell-Based Therapies for Protection, Rescue, and Repair of Ischemic Myocardium - Reasons for Cautious Optimism.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Targeted Catheter-based Implantation Of Myogenic Precursor Cells Into Infarcted Left Ventricular Myocardium. J.érôme Garot, MD, PhD, Thierry Unterseeh, MD, Emmanuel Teiger, MD, PhD, Stéphane Champagne, MD, B.énédicte Chazaud, PhD, Romain Gherardi, MD, PhD, Luc Hittinger, MD, PhD, Pascal Guéret, MD, FACC and Alain Rahmouni, MD

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Autologous Intracoronary Mononuclear Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation in Chronic Ischemic Cardiomyopathy in Humans. Friedhelm Kuethea, Barbara M. Richartz, Christoph Kasper, Herbert G. Sayer, Klaus Hoeffken, Gerald S. Werner, Hans R. Figulla

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Lack of Regeneration of Myocardium by Autologous Intracoronary Mononuclear Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation in Humans with Large Anterior Myocardial Infarctions. Friedhelm Kuethe, Barbara M. Richartz, Herbert G. Sayer, Christoph Kasper, Gerald S. Werner, Klaus Höffken, Hans R. Figulla.

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Bone Marrow Stem Cells May Heal Hearts Even Years After Heart Attacks. Preliminary trial offers encouragement for definitive tests of cardiac regeneration technique. View this Article

Unexpected Severe Calcification After Transplantation of Bone Marrow Cells in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Young-Sup Yoon, MD, PhD; Jong-Seon Park, MD, PhD; Tengiz Tkebuchava, MD, PhD; Corinne Luedeman, BS; Douglas W. Losordo, MD. View PDF Document of this Article (186kb) [Requires Adobe Acrobat Browser Plugin]

Cardiac Tissue Engineering: Regeneration of the Wounded Heart
Prisca Zammaretti and Marisa Jaconi
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Muscle Cell Type Educational Primer.
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Renovating the Heart.
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First Minimally Invasive Stem Cell Implantation in the World for Heart Failure. View this Article

Patients Use Own Stem Cells to Heal; Therapy Appears To Speed Recovery from Heart Attack. Dallas Heart attack patients who were treated with their own stem cells a few days after being hospitalized had significantly improved heart pumping ability, according to the largest, most rigorous clinical trial to date of the controversial therapy . View Full Article

Mobilizing of Haematopoietic Stem Cells to Ischemic Myocardium by Plasmid-Mediated Stromal-Cell-Derived Factor-1Alpha Treatment. Tang YL, Qian K, Zhang YC, Shen L, Phillips MI., Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and All Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of South Florida, 140 7th Ave South, CRI 2015, St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701, United States. View this Article

Lack Of Regeneration Of Myocardium By Autologous Intracoronary Mononuclear Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation In Humans With Large Anterior Myocardial Infarctions.
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Autologous Intracoronary Mononuclear Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation In Chronic Ischemic Cardiomyopathy In Humans.
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Mobilizing Of Haematopoietic Stem Cells To Ischemic Myocardium By Plasmid Mediated Stromal-Cell-Derived Factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) Treatment.
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Cellular Therapy: Potential Treatment for Heart Disease.
Interesting article from the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.
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Stem-Cell Transplantation in Myocardial Infarction: A Status Report
Michael S. Lee, MD, and Raj R. Makkar, MD.
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Stem Cell Repair of Infarcted Myocardium - An Overview for Clinicians. James S. Forrester, MD; Matthew J. Price, MD; Raj R. Makkar, MD.
Under appropriate cell culture conditions, stem cells are capable of differentiating into cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells. If these results can be reproduced in vivo, it may be possible to use stem cells to impede progressive deterioration into heart failure or even to restore cardiac function in patients with acutely or chronically damaged myocardium. In this article, we will provide for the clinical cardiologist a brief overview of the conceptual basis for stem cell therapy and review the current laboratory evidence supporting its potential value. We will describe the clinical options in stem cell treatment of damaged myocardium and the potential limitations that need to be assessed in randomized clinical trials.
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New Treatment for Heart Failure: Injured Hearts Repaired With Patients' Own Bone Marrow Cells. By Peggy Peck, WebMD Medical News; Reviewed By Brunilda Nazario, MD.
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Cell Therapy to Treat Heart Failure. Mouquet F, Susen S, Van Belle E, Bauters C, Jude B.
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Cellular Transplantation: New Horizons In The Surgical Management Of Heart Failure. N. AL ATTAR, A.B. RAZAK and M. SCORSIN.
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Cell Transplantation - A Potential Therapy for Cardiac Repair in the Future? Helmut Gulbins MD, BM Meiser, MD, H. Reichenspurner,MD, PhD, B. Reichart, MD.
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The Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Repair. Miranda D. Grounds, Jason D. White, Nadia Rosenthal, and Marie A. Bogoyevitch. Departments of Anatomy & Human Biology, and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia, and Mouse Biology Programme, EMBI, Monterotondo Rome, Italy.
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Results Of Cellular Therapy For Ischemic Myocardial Dysfunction - A Review. Atkins BZ.
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In Vitro Engineering Of Heart Muscle: Artificial Myocardial Tissue. T.Kofidis, MD, P.Akhyari, MS, J. Boublik, MS, P.Theodoru, MS, U.Martin, PhD, A. Ruhparwar, MD, S.Fischer, MD, MSc, T.Eschenhagen, MD, H. P. Kubis, MD, T. Kraft, PhD, R. Leyh, MD, and A. Haverich, MD.
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Catheter-Based Endomyocardial Injection With Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Robert J. Lederman, MD; Michael A. Guttman, MSc; Dana C. Peters, PhD; Richard B. Thompson, PhD; Jonathan M. Sorger, BS; Alexander J. Dick, MD; Venkatesh K. Raman, MD; Elliot R. McVeigh, PhD.
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Muscle Regeneration by Bone Marrow-Derived Myogenic Progenitors. Ferrari G, Cusella-DeAngelis G, Coletta M, Paolucci E, Stornaiuolo A,Cossu G, and F Mavilio., Science 1998. Vol 279:1528-30.
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Formation of Nascent Intercalated Disks Between Grafted Fetal Cardiomyocytes and Host Myocardium. Soonpaa MH, Koh GY, Klug MG and LJ Field., Science 1994. Vol 264: 98-101.
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Autologous Transplantation of Bone Marrow Cells Improves Damaged Heart Function. Shinji Tomita, MD; Ren-Ke Li, MD, PhD; Richard D. Weisel, MD; Donald A.G. Mickle, MD; Eung-Joong Kim, MD; Tetsuro Sakai, MD; Zhi-Qiang Jia, MD., Circulation. 1999;100(suppl II):II-247-II-256.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Development, Bone Repair, and Skeletal Regeneration Therapy. Bruder SP, Fink DJ and AI Caplan., Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 1994. 56:283-294.
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Cardiomyocytes Can Be Generated From Marrow Stromal Cells In Vitro. Makino S, Fuckuda K, Miyoshi S, Konishi F, Kodama H, Pan J, Sano M, Takahashi T, Hori S, Abe H, Hata JI, Umezawa A and S Ogawa., J Clin Invest. 1999. Vol 103 No 5:697-705.
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Cell Transplantation for Myocardial Repair: An Experimental Approach. Marelli D, Desrosiers C, El-Alfy M, Kao RL and RCJ Chiu., Cell Transplant. 1992. 1:383-90.
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Stable Fetal Cardiomyocyte Grafts In The Hearts Of Dystrophic Mice And Dogs. Koh GY, Soonpa MH, Klug MG, Pride HP, Cooper BJ and DP Zipes., J Clin Invest. 1995. 96:2034-2042.
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Adenoviral Gene Transfer of the Human V2 Vasopressin Receptor Improves Contractile Force of Rat Cardiomyocytes Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz, MD; Martin Ungerer, MD; Torsten Schšneberg, MD; Hans-Jšrg Weig, MD; Kai Kronsbein, BS; Alessandra Moretti, PhD; Katrin Hoffmann, MS; Melchior Seyfarth, MD; GŸnter Schultz, MD; Albert Schšmig, MD (Circulation-Journal of the American Heart Association)
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Advanced Tissue Sciences' Product Stimulates New Blood Vessel Formation in Damaged Heart Tissue (PR Newswire)
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(March 10 -- PRN) - These studies demonstrated the ability of a metabolically active, tissue-engineered epicardial patch to induce blood vessel formation and improve cardiac function.

Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Therapeutic Potential- Sellke FW, Simons M (PubMed-National Library of Medicine)

Cardiac-Directed Adenylyl Cyclase Expression Improves Heart Function in Murine Cardiomyopathy (Circulation-Journal of the American Heart Association)

Culturing New Life Tim Beardsley-Washington, D.C. (Scientific American)

Efficient and Stable Transduction of Cardiomyocytes After Intramyocardial Injection or Intracoronary Perfusion with Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors Eric C. Svensson, MD, PhD; Deborah J. Marshall, PhD; Karen Woodard, BS; Hua Lin, MD; Fang Jiang, MD; Lein Chu, MS; Jeffrey M. Leiden, MD, PhD (Circulation-Journal of the American Heart Association)

Cardiac-Directed Adenylyl Cyclase Expression Improves Heart Function in Murine Cardiomyopathy David M. Roth, MD, PhD; Mei Hua Gao, PhD; N. Chin Lai, PhD; Jeff Drumm, BS; Nancy Dalton, BA; Jin Yao Zhou, BS; Jian Zhu, BS; Daniel Entrikin, BS; H. Kirk Hammond, MD
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Brief Rapid Communications
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Survival, Integration, and Differentiation of Cardiomyocyte Grafts

A Study in Normal and Injured Rat Hearts Hans Reinecke, PhD; Ming Zhang, MD, MS; Trudy Bartosek, BS; Charles E. Murry, MD, PhD

Influence Of Embryonic Cardiomyocyte Transplantation On The Progression Of Heart Failure In A Rat Model Of Extensive Myocardial Infarction. Etzion S, Battler A, Barbash IM, Cagnano E, Zarin P, Granot Y, Kedes LH, Kloner RA, Leor J., J Mol Cell Cardiol 2001 Jul;33(7):1321-30.
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Embryonic Myogenesis Pathways in Muscle Regeneration
Zhao P, Hoffman EP., Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC..
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Cells That Go Back in Time.
Lop off a newt's leg or tail, and it will grow a new one. The creature's cells can regenerate thanks to built-in time machines that revert cells to early versions of themselves in a process called dedifferentiation. Researchers who study this mechanism hope one day to learn how to induce the same "cell time travel" in humans.
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Design and Rationale for the Myocardial Stem Cell Administration After Acute Myocardial Infarction (MYSTAR) Study: a multi-center, prospective, randomized, single-blind trial comparing early and late intracoronary or combined (percutaneous intramyocardial and intracoronary) administration of nonselected autologous bone marrow cells to patients after acute myocardial infarction.
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Regeneration Of Human Infarcted Heart Muscle By Intracoronary Autologous Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation In Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: The IACT Study.
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In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Myocardial Infarction. Dara L. Kraitchman, VMD, PhD*; Alan W. Heldman, MD*; Ergin Atalar, PhD; Luciano C. Amado, MD; Bradley J. Martin, PhD; Mark F. Pittenger, PhD; Joshua M. Hare, MD; Jeff W.M. Bulte, PhD.
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Incorporation And Integration Of Implanted Myogenic And Stem Cells Into Native Myocardial Fibers: Anatomic Basis For Functional Improvements. Edgar G. Chedrawy, Jih-Shiuan Wang, Dao M. Nguyen, Dominique Shum-Tim, Ray C. J. Chiu.
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Tissue Doppler Echocardiographic Evidence of Reverse Remodeling and Improved Synchronicity by Simultaneously Delaying Regional Contraction After Biventricular Pacing Therapy in Heart Failure -Clinical Investigation and Reports. Cheuk-Man Yu, MD, FRACP; Elaine Chau, MRCP, FHKAM; John E. Sanderson, MD; Katherine Fan, MRCP, FHKAM; Man-Oi Tang, BM; Wing-Hong Fung, MRCP, FHKAM; Hong Lin, BM, MM; Shun-Ling Kong, BN, MN; Yui-Ming Lam, MBBS, MRCP; Michael R.S. Hill, PhD; Chu-Pak Lau, MD.
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Young Adult Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Precursor Cells Restore Aging-Impaired Cardiac Angiogenic Function. Edelberg JM, Tang L, Hattori K, Lyden D, Rafii S.
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Cardiomyoplasty: Ventricular Reconstruction After Tumor Resection. Chachques JC, Argyriadis PG, Latremouille C, D'Attellis N, Fornes P, Bruneval P, Couetil JP, Carpentier AF.
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Effectiveness And Cost-effectiveness Of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators In The Treatment Of Ventricular Arrhythmias Among Medicare Beneficiaries. Weiss JP, Saynina O, McDonald KM, McClellan MB, Hlatky MA.
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Identification of a Novel Progenitor Cell Population in Human Skeletal Muscle with a Superior Ability for Myocardial
Infarct Repair in Comparison to Committed Skeletal Myoblasts. Okada, Masaho, Payne, Thomas, R., Zheng, Bo, Oshima, Hideki, Nobuo Momoi, Kimimasa Tobita, Bradley B. Keller, Péault, Bruno, Huard, Johnny
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Targeted Catheter-Based Implantation Of Myogenic Precursor Cells Into Infarcted Left Ventricular Myocardium. Jerome Garot, MD, PHD, Thierry Unterseeh, MD, Emmanuel Teiger, MD, PHD, Ste´phane Champagne, MD, Benedicte Chazaud, PHD, Romain Gherardi, MD, PHD, Luc Hittinger, MD, PHD, Pascal Gueret, MD, FACC, Alain Rahmouni, MD
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MYOBLAST CELL GRAFTING INTO HEART MUSCLE: Cellular Biology and Potential Applications. Peter Belfer Cardiac Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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Methods And Compositions For Correction Of Cardiac Conduction Disturbances - US Patent 7252819
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Dr. Doris Taylor - Heart Maker Build a heart out of stem cells? It's not a crazy idea to University of Minnesota researcher Doris Taylor.
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Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1, and CXCR4 in Human Limb Muscle With Acute and Chronic Ischemia. Vincent van Weel, Leonard Seghers, Margreet R de Vries, Esther J Kuiper, Reinier O Schlingemann, Ingeborg Bajema, Jan H N Lindeman, Pien M Delis-van Diemen, Victor W M van Hinsbergh, J Hajo van Bockel, and Paul H A Quax Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., March 15, 2007;
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Myoblast Transplant Was Not Associated with Increased Incidence of Cardiac Arrythmias;

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NOTE: [This Information is a Competitive Non-Bioheart Trial Reference] - Final One-Year Results of the CAUSMIC Trial: First United States Randomized Controlled Trial Utilizing 3-Dimension
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Myocardial Tissue Engineering And Regeneration As A Therapeutic Alternative To Transplantation. Krupnick AS, Kreisel D, Riha M, Balsara KR, Rosengard BR. Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 6 Silverstein Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. krupnica@uphs.upenn.edu.
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Cellular Cardiomyoplasty Improves Survival After Myocardial Injury. Wilhelm Roell, MD; Zhong J. Lu, MD*; Wilhelm Bloch, MD*; Sharon Siedner, MS; Klaus Tiemann, MD; Ying Xia, MD; Eva Stoecker, VMD; Michaela Fleischmann, VMD; Heribert Bohlen, MD; Robert Stehle, PhD; Eugen Kolossov, MD; Gottfried Brem, VMD; Klaus Addicks, MD; Gabriele Pfitzer, MD; Armin Welz, MD; Juergen Hescheler, MD; Bernd K. Fleishcmann, MD.
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